python多线程中获取函数返回值的三种方法

方法一：使用队列

import queue
import threading
import sys
import time

q=queue.Queue()
def func1(x,y):
  func_name = sys._getframe().f_code.co_name # 获取函数名
  print("%s run ....." % func_name)
  q.put((x+y,func_name))

def func2(x,y):
  func_name = sys._getframe().f_code.co_name
  print("%s run ...." %func_name)
  q.put((x-y,func_name))

if __name__ == "__main__":
  result=[]
  t1=threading.Thread(target=func1,name="thread1",args=(10,5))
  t2=threading.Thread(target=func2,name="thread2",args=(20,1))
  print('*'*20)
  t1.start()
  t2.start()
  t1.join()
  t2.join()
  while not q.empty():# 队列为空返回True,反之False
      result.append(q.get())
  for item in result:
      if item[1] == func1.__name__:
          print("%s return value is: %s" %(item[1],item[0]))
      elif item[1] == func2.__name__:
          print("%s return value is: %s" %(item[1],item[0]))

运行结果：
********************
func1 run .....
func2 run ....
func1 return value is: 15
func2 return value is: 19

方法二： 封装 threading.Thread,重写 run 方法

class mythread(threading.Thread):
  def __init__(self,func,args=()):
      super(mythread, self).__init__()
      self.func=func
      self.args=args
  def run(self):
      self.result=self.func(*self.args)
  def get_result(self):
      try:
          return self.result
      except Exception:
          return None
def foo(a,b,c):
  time.sleep(1)
  return a*2,b*2,c*2
li = []
for i in range(4):
  t=mythread(foo,args=(i,i+1,i+2))
  li.append(t)
  t.start()
for t in li:
  t.join()
  print(t.get_result())

# 运行结果
(0, 2, 4)
(2, 4, 6)
(4, 6, 8)
(6, 8, 10)

方法三：使用进程池

def func(msg):
  print("msg:",msg)
  time.sleep(3)
  print("end")
  return "done" + msg
if __name__ == "__main__":
  pool = multiprocessing.Pool(processes=4)
  result = []
  for i in range(3):
      msg = "hello %d" %i
      result.append(pool.apply_async(func,(msg,)))
  pool.close()
  pool.join()
  for res in result:
      print(res)
      print(":::",res.get())
# 运行结果
msg: hello 0
msg: hello 1
msg: hello 2
end
end
end
<multiprocessing.pool.ApplyResult object at 0x0000027BF6B3F0D0>
::: donehello 0
<multiprocessing.pool.ApplyResult object at 0x0000027BF6F4FDF0>
::: donehello 1
<multiprocessing.pool.ApplyResult object at 0x0000027BF6F4FDC0>
::: donehello 2

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