SQL BETWEEN 操作符
BETWEEN 操作符用于选取介于两个值之间的范围内的值。这些值可以是数值、文本或者日期。
1. BETWEEN 语法
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2;
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2;
演示数据库
在本教程中，我们将使用 CodeBaoku 样本数据库。
下面是选自 "Websites" 表的数据：
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+ | id | name | url | alexa | country | +----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+ | 1 | Google | https://www.google.cm/ | 1 | USA | | 2 | 淘宝 | https://www.taobao.com/ | 13 | CN | | 3 | 编程宝库 | http://www.codebaoku.com/ | 4689 | CN | | 4 | 微博 | http://weibo.com/ | 20 | CN | | 5 | Facebook | https://www.facebook.com/ | 3 | USA | | 7 | stackoverflow | http://stackoverflow.com/ | 0 | IND | +----+---------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
2. BETWEEN 范例
下面的 SQL 语句选取 alexa 介于 1 和 20 之间的所有网站：
SELECT * FROM Websites WHERE alexa BETWEEN 1 AND 20; 执行结果： +----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+ | id | name | url | alexa | country | +----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+ | 1 | Google | https://www.google.cm/ | 1 | USA | | 2 | 淘宝 | https://www.taobao.com/ | 13 | CN | | 4 | 微博 | http://weibo.com/ | 20 | CN | | 5 | Facebook | https://www.facebook.com/ | 3 | USA | +----+---------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
3. NOT BETWEEN 范例
如需显示不在上面范例范围内的网站，请使用 NOT BETWEEN：
SELECT * FROM Websites WHERE alexa NOT BETWEEN 1 AND 20; 执行结果： +----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+ | id | name | url | alexa | country | +----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+ | 3 | 编程宝库 | http://www.codebaoku.com/ | 4689 | CN | | 7 | stackoverflow | http://stackoverflow.com/ | 0 | IND | +----+---------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
4. 带有 IN 的 BETWEEN 范例
下面的 SQL 语句选取 alexa 介于 1 和 20 之间但 country 不为 USA 和 IND 的所有网站：
SELECT * FROM Websites WHERE (alexa BETWEEN 1 AND 20) AND country NOT IN ('USA', 'IND');
执行结果：
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
| id | name | url | alexa | country |
+----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
| 2 | 淘宝 | https://www.taobao.com/ | 13 | CN |
| 4 | 微博 | http://weibo.com/ | 20 | CN |
+----+---------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
5. 带有文本值的 BETWEEN 范例
下面的 SQL 语句选取 name 以介于 'A' 和 'H' 之间字母开始的所有网站：
SELECT * FROM Websites WHERE name BETWEEN 'A' AND 'H'; 执行结果： +----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+ | id | name | url | alexa | country | +----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+ | 1 | Google | https://www.google.cm/ | 1 | USA | | 5 | Facebook | https://www.facebook.com/ | 3 | USA | +----+---------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
6. 带有文本值的 NOT BETWEEN 范例
下面的 SQL 语句选取 name 不介于 'A' 和 'H' 之间字母开始的所有网站：
SELECT * FROM Websites WHERE name NOT BETWEEN 'A' AND 'H'; 执行结果： +----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+ | id | name | url | alexa | country | +----+--------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+ | 2 | 淘宝 | https://www.taobao.com/ | 13 | CN | | 3 | 编程宝库 | http://www.codebaoku.com/ | 4689 | CN | | 4 | 微博 | http://weibo.com/ | 20 | CN | | 7 | stackoverflow | http://stackoverflow.com/ | 0 | IND | +----+---------------+---------------------------+-------+---------+
7. 带有日期值的 BETWEEN 范例
下面是 "access_log" 网站访问记录表的样本表，其中：
SELECT * FROM access_log; 执行结果： +-----+---------+-------+------------+ | aid | site_id | count | date | +-----+---------+-------+------------+ | 1 | 1 | 45 | 2016-05-10 | | 2 | 3 | 100 | 2016-05-13 | | 3 | 1 | 230 | 2016-05-14 | | 4 | 2 | 10 | 2016-05-14 | | 5 | 5 | 205 | 2016-05-14 | | 6 | 4 | 13 | 2016-05-15 | | 7 | 3 | 220 | 2016-05-15 | | 8 | 5 | 545 | 2016-05-16 | | 9 | 3 | 201 | 2016-05-17 | +-----+---------+-------+------------+ 9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
下面的 SQL 语句选取 date 介于 '2016-05-10' 和 '2016-05-14' 之间的所有访问记录：
SELECT * FROM access_log WHERE date BETWEEN '2016-05-10' AND '2016-05-14'; 执行结果： +-----+---------+-------+------------+ | aid | site_id | count | date | +-----+---------+-------+------------+ | 1 | 1 | 45 | 2016-05-10 | | 2 | 3 | 100 | 2016-05-13 | | 3 | 1 | 230 | 2016-05-14 | | 4 | 2 | 10 | 2016-05-14 | | 5 | 5 | 205 | 2016-05-14 | +-----+---------+-------+------------+
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请注意，在不同的数据库中，BETWEEN 操作符会产生不同的结果！ 因此，请检查您的数据库是如何处理 BETWEEN 操作符！ |
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在 SQL 语句中，可以为表名称或列名称指定别名。创建列的别名主要是为了让列名称的可读性更强。创建表的别名可以使表名变得更简短。SQL 别名语法：SELECT column_name AS alias_name FROM table_name。